Category: Health & News

The benefits of tongue scraping go far beyond just freshening your breath. Many people don’t realize how much bacteria and toxins build up on their tongues. This buildup can lead to bad breath, poor taste, and even oral health problems.

Tongue scraping removes more bacteria than brushing alone. Imagine starting your day knowing your mouth feels clean and healthy. This simple habit makes a big difference in your daily routine. 

5 Key Benefits of Tongue Scraping

A clean tongue does more than just freshen your breath. Tongue scraping has surprising benefits for your oral health and overall well-being. Many people don’t realize how much bacteria and debris collect on their tongues daily. This buildup can lead to bad breath, dull taste, and even health issues. Adding tongue scraping to your routine takes only a minute or two but delivers long-term results. 

Let’s explore how this small step can make a big difference.

1. Fresher Breath

Bad breath is embarrassing and frustrating. Most of it comes from bacteria on your tongue that produce unpleasant sulfur compounds. Tooth brushing and mouthwash don’t always reach these hidden areas. Tongue scraping removes these bacteria completely.

By targeting the root cause of bad breath, tongue scraping leaves your mouth feeling fresh all day. It’s a natural and effective way to enjoy better-smelling breath without relying on mints or sprays. This simple habit helps you feel more confident in conversations and social settings.

2. Better Taste

Do you feel like your food has lost its flavor? A coated tongue might be the reason. When debris and bacteria build-up, they block your taste buds. This coating dulls your ability to enjoy the full flavors of your meals.

Scraping clears this layer, bringing your taste buds back to life. With regular tongue scraping, your food tastes better and more vibrant. It’s a small effort with a big reward—especially if you love savoring different cuisines. Enjoy every bite the way it’s meant to be!

3. Improved Oral Hygiene

Your tongue is a hotspot for bacteria. This bacteria doesn’t just cause bad breath; it also contributes to plaque and gum disease. Brushing and flossing focus on teeth and gums, but your tongue often gets ignored.

Scraping helps remove harmful bacteria from your tongue. This reduces the overall bacterial load in your mouth. As a result, you lower the risk of cavities and gum problems. Incorporating tongue scraping into your routine makes your entire oral hygiene routine more effective.

4. Helps with Digestion

Good digestion starts in your mouth. When your tongue is clean, it reduces the chances of harmful toxins entering your digestive system. Tongue scraping supports the natural detox process that your body performs daily.

By removing toxins, tongue scraping can help improve digestion and promote better gut health. A clean tongue also ensures that the enzymes in your saliva work more effectively. This small practice has a ripple effect on your overall health and energy levels.

5. Quick and Easy

Many health habits take time and effort, but tongue scraping is incredibly simple. It requires just a few strokes and takes less than two minutes. The benefits you gain make it worth every second.

Incorporating tongue scraping into your daily routine is easy. It’s an affordable, low-maintenance habit that delivers noticeable results quickly. Whether you do it in the morning or at night, you’ll appreciate how fresh and clean your mouth feels after each use.

Let’s find out how it works and why it’s so effective.

Does Tongue Scraping Really Work?

Yes, tongue scraping works, and here’s why.

• It removes bacteria and toxins effectively.

• It prevents bad breath by targeting sulfur compounds.

• It clears the coating on your tongue, making it cleaner.

• It helps improve your taste by clearing your taste buds.

• Research supports its effectiveness in oral hygiene.

• Dentists recommend it for better oral health.

If you want fresher breath and a healthier mouth, tongue scraping works better than brushing your tongue.

The Science Behind Tongue Scraping

Tongue scraping works because it physically removes the bacteria on your tongue. Unlike brushing, which might spread bacteria, scraping lifts and removes them.

Your tongue has tiny grooves and papillae where bacteria hide. These bacteria release sulfur compounds that cause bad breath. Scraping reduces these compounds by up to 75%, according to research. It also clears toxins, giving you a cleaner mouth.

This simple action creates an environment where harmful bacteria can’t thrive. That’s why tongue scraping improves oral health and freshness.

How to Make Tongue Scraping a Daily Habit?

It’s easy to add tongue scraping to your routine. Follow these steps:

1. Use a scraper made of metal or plastic. Choose one that feels comfortable.

2. Do it in the morning, right after brushing your teeth.

3. Start at the back of your tongue and gently pull the scraper forward.

4. Rinse the scraper after each pass.

5. Repeat 3–5 times or until your tongue feels clean.

6. Finish by rinsing your mouth with water.

It takes less than two minutes, but the results are long-lasting. Make it a habit, and you’ll notice fresher breath and a cleaner mouth.

Is Tongue Scraping Good for Everyone? Precautions and Tips To Consider

Tongue scraping is good for most people, but there are some tips to keep in mind:

• Avoid pressing too hard to prevent irritation.

• Don’t scrape if you have open sores or cuts.

• Use a scraper that feels comfortable for your tongue.

• Disinfect the scraper regularly to avoid spreading bacteria.

• Don’t share your scraper with anyone else.

• Replace the scraper if it’s damaged.

• For a sensitive tongue, use a gentle plastic scraper.

• Consult a dentist if you experience discomfort.

• If you have a strong gag reflex, scrape closer to the front and slowly work backward.

Most people can safely enjoy the benefits of tongue scraping with these precautions.

Final Thoughts 

Adding tongue scraping to your daily routine is a small step with big results. The benefits of tongue scraping include fresher breath, better taste, and improved oral health. It’s easy, effective, and backed by science.

Ready to improve your oral hygiene? Start tongue scraping today and see the difference. If you’re unsure where to start, consult your dentist for advice. Don’t wait to make your mornings fresher and healthier!

By adding this small habit to your daily routine, you can enjoy fresher breath and a healthier mouth every day. Try it today!

Frequently Asked Questions

Cucumber water benefits your health in many ways. It’s a simple drink packed with hydration and nutrients. This drink is low in calories and easy to make. Many people use it to stay healthy, lose weight, and improve their skin.

A recent study found that drinking infused water, like cucumber water, helps with hydration and weight loss. Cucumbers are 95% water and full of vitamins. They provide natural hydration and health support. Let’s explore why cucumber water should be a part of your daily routine.

6 Surprising Cucumber Water Benefits For Your Health

Cucumber water offers a lot more than hydration. It’s a smart choice for better health.

1. Weight Loss Support

Cucumber water is low in calories. It makes you feel full, so you eat less during meals. Drinking it before eating helps control your appetite. It also replaces sugary drinks, cutting down your daily calorie intake.

Staying hydrated boosts your metabolism, which helps burn fat faster. Combined with a balanced diet, cucumber water is a game-changer for weight loss.

2. Better Skin Health

Cucumber water is excellent for your skin. It hydrates from the inside out. Proper hydration reduces dryness, dullness, and wrinkles.

Cucumbers contain antioxidants and silica, which improve skin elasticity. They also soothe inflammation and redness. Regularly drinking cucumber water gives you a natural, glowing complexion.

3. Improved Digestion

Good digestion is key to overall wellness. Cucumber water helps by providing fiber and hydration. These keep your digestive system running smoothly.

It reduces bloating and prevents constipation. Its alkaline nature neutralizes stomach acid, easing heartburn. Drinking cucumber water daily promotes a healthy gut.

4. Natural Detoxifier

Cucumber water naturally detoxifies your body. It flushes out harmful toxins and cleanses your system.

Your kidneys and liver benefit the most. Cucumber water supports their functions, making them more efficient. Adding it to your routine is a simple way to keep your body clean and healthy.

5. Reduces Inflammation

Cucumber water has anti-inflammatory properties. It calms swelling in joints and muscles. It also reduces puffiness in your skin.

The antioxidants in cucumbers fight oxidative stress, which causes inflammation. Drinking cucumber water helps reduce pain and keeps your body balanced.

6. Boosts Energy

Cucumber water is a natural energy booster. It contains B vitamins, electrolytes, and minerals. These nutrients keep you refreshed throughout the day.

Instead of reaching for sugary drinks, sip on cucumber water. It hydrates you without the crash and keeps you active.

Disclaimer: Before adding cucumber water to your diet, please consult a healthcare professional. This is especially important in cases where there might be potential downsides or side effects associated with its consumption.

How to Make Cucumber Water?

Making cucumber water is simple. Here’s how:

• Take one fresh cucumber.

• Wash it thoroughly.

• Slice it into thin rounds.

• Place the slices in a pitcher of cold water.

• Optional: Add mint leaves, lemon, or ginger for extra flavor.

• Let it chill in the fridge for 2-3 hours.

• Serve and enjoy it throughout the day!

Tips to Maximize Benefits Of Cucumber Water

Here are some pro tips to get the best out of your cucumber water. Follow these steps for maximum health benefits.

• Use Organic Cucumbers: Reduce exposure to pesticides by opting for organic cucumbers.

• Add a Dash of Ginger: Boost immunity and digestion with a slice of fresh ginger.

• Incorporate Apple Cider Vinegar: A teaspoon can enhance detoxification and metabolism.

• Sprinkle Chia Seeds: Add fiber and omega-3s for improved digestion and heart health.

• Include Aloe Vera Gel: A teaspoon of pure aloe vera gel promotes skin and gut health.

• Opt for Himalayan Salt: A pinch can balance electrolytes and support hydration.

• Boost Antioxidants with Berries: Add a handful of blueberries or raspberries for anti-aging benefits.

• Add Turmeric Slices: Fresh turmeric enhances anti-inflammatory and immune-boosting properties.

• Drink Before Meals: Consuming cucumber water before eating can aid in portion control and digestion.

• Pair with a Balanced Diet: Enhance overall health by combining cucumber water with nutritious meals.

By following these tips, you’ll enjoy cucumber water to the fullest while boosting your health.

Does Cucumber Water Really Work?

Yes, cucumber water works. It’s not magic, but it’s effective. It helps you stay hydrated, lose weight, and improve your skin. Studies show that staying hydrated boosts metabolism and overall health.

Cucumber water is an easy way to improve your lifestyle. It replaces unhealthy drinks and adds nutrients to your day. To see the best results, drink it daily and pair it with a balanced diet and exercise.

Who Should Not Consume Cucumber Water? 

While cucumber water is beneficial for most people, certain individuals should avoid it due to specific health conditions or dietary restrictions:

• People with allergies to cucumbers should not consume cucumber water as it can trigger allergic reactions.

• Individuals on potassium-restricted diets might need to limit their intake, as cucumbers contain potassium.

• Those with digestive issues like acid reflux may find that cucumber water exacerbates their symptoms, especially if consumed in large amounts.

• People with kidney problems should consult their doctor before increasing fluid intake to avoid overloading their kidneys.

• Patients taking diuretics or water pills should avoid cucumber water as it can interfere with their medication’s effectiveness.

• Individuals with dental issues might experience increased tooth sensitivity or enamel erosion from the acids, especially if citrus or vinegar is added.

• Pregnant women are often advised to monitor their fluid intake and avoid any detox routines, including cucumber water, without medical advice.

Final Thoughts 

Cucumber water benefits are endless. It supports weight loss, improves skin, and keeps you hydrated. It’s easy to make, affordable and fits into any lifestyle. Start drinking cucumber water today and see the difference in your health.

If you’re unsure how to get started, consult a health expert. They can guide you on how to include it in your daily routine. Don’t wait—make this refreshing drink a part of your life now!

Also Read: 14 best drinks to flush or detox your system

Frequently Asked Questions

If you find yourself feeling under the weather with a fever, body aches, and other symptoms, you may wonder what’s making you feel so bad. Is it seasonal influenza (commonly called the flu)? Or could you have COVID-19? While the two illnesses share many similarities, there are a few differences.

Path to improved health

COVID-19 and the flu are both caused by viruses. But they’re caused by different viruses. COVID-19 is caused by the coronavirus, SARS-CoV-2. Coronaviruses have been around for a long time and can cause you to get the common cold. Flu, on the other hand, is caused by the influenza virus. This is a seasonal virus with two types: Influenza A and Influenza B.

You can catch COVID-19 and the flu in similar ways. When a person talks, sneezes, or coughs, tiny, invisible particles leave their mouth and nose and travel through the air. These particles are where the virus can live. If you breathe in these particles, the virus is then inside your body and can make you sick. Also, if you get the particles on your hands and then touch your mouth, nose, or eyes, you can get sick. This is why it’s so important to wash your hands frequently.

COVID-19 is much more contagious than the flu. That means it passes more quickly and easily from one person to another.

People most at risk

While anyone can get COVID-19 and the flu, some groups of people are at a higher risk of getting sick. For both COVID-19 and flu, adults over 65, people who are pregnant, people with lung disease, heart disease, or diabetes have a greater risk. Read more about flu risks for people with chronic conditions.

Children are also at risk for both COVID-19 and flu.

Symptoms

COVID-19 and the flu have many of the same symptoms, including:

• Fever
• Cough
• Trouble breathing
• Extreme tiredness
• Sore throat
• Stuffy nose
• Body aches, including headache
• Diarrhea
• Vomiting

You may also lose your sense of smell or taste if you have COVID-19.

COVID-19 and the flu can cause severe illness and complications that require hospitalization. If you have any of these symptoms, contact your doctor right away. They can diagnose which illness you have and offer advice about what you should do next.

How long are you sick?

It’s possible to spread COVID-19 and the flu to others before you even know you’re sick. If you have COVID-19, you can spread the virus 2 to 3 days before you have symptoms. After symptoms begin, you’re likely contagious for 10 days. It’s important to stay away from other people during this time to keep them from getting sick. If you’re around someone who has COVID-19, it can take between 2 and 14 days for you to develop symptoms.

With the flu, you can spread it 1 day before your symptoms begin. Once you have symptoms, you’re contagious for up to 7 days. This time can be longer for kids and seniors. If you’re exposed to someone with the flu, it can take between 1 and 4 days for you to develop symptoms.

People are usually sicker for a longer time with COVID-19 than with the flu.

Testing

There are different tests that can confirm if you have COVID-19. Some tests require a cotton swab to be put in your nose. The end of the swab collects a sample from your nasal cavity because this is where the germs live. The swab is then sent to a laboratory for testing. The swab may also be used for a rapid antigen test, however, you may need to confirm a positive or negative result with a laboratory (PCR) test if you still have symptoms or if you need a negative test to return to school or work. A saliva test may be offered and at home (over the counter) tests are also available. Be sure to check that the test is authorized by the FDA before purchasing.

If your doctor thinks you have the flu, they can perform one of two tests. One test involves putting a swab up your nose. This swab will be sent to the lab for testing. The other test involves collecting a sample from the back of your throat. It will be sent to the lab for testing, too. Rapid tests are also available for flu.

Laboratories have also developed tests that can detect both flu and COVID-19. Talk with your doctor to see if they are available in your area.

Treatment

COVID-19

Three vaccines for COVID-19 were initially developed for use in the United States during the pandemic. However, in September 2023, the CDC strongly recommended everyone over age 6 months get a dose of the updated, 2023-2024 version of the vaccine. People aged 65 years and older may get a second dose of the updated vaccine.

If you have not received a COVID-19 vaccine in the past 2 months, get an updated vaccine to protect yourself through fall and winter.

Safety and efficacy data has been collected in more than 220 million people who have gotten at least one dose of vaccines. Some rare side effects have been observed, but overall the vaccines are safe and effective at preventing severe disease, hospitalization, and death.

These vaccines do not give you COVID-19, and do not cause complications during pregnancy or cause decreases in fertility.

If you do have COVID-19, one treatment medicine your doctor may prescribe is nirmatrelvir/ritonavir (brand name: Paxlovid). It is an antiviral medicine to prevent people from getting so sick from COVID-19 that they need to be hospitalized.

Flu

There is a vaccine you can get to help protect you against the flu. It’s given as a shot in your arm. The American Academy of Family Physicians recommends everyone older than 6 months old get the yearly flu shot, unless their doctor says otherwise. If you get the flu, there are medicines your doctor can prescribe to help you relieve symptoms.

The flu shot doesn’t give you the flu.

Recovery time

If you’ve had COVID-19, it may take you a long time to recover or weeks before you feel like yourself again. For some people, it may take months (also known as long COVID). Talk with your doctor if you have symptoms that continue, as there are options for management of these ongoing symptoms.

People who have had the flu usually feel much better about 2 weeks after getting sick.

Things to consider

COVID-19 and the flu share many complications. These include pneumonia, respiratory failure, kidney failure, and blood infections. These illnesses can also make existing conditions—including issues with the heart, lungs, and diabetes—worse. In severe cases, both illnesses may lead to death.

If you have COVID-19, you may also develop blood clots in your legs, lungs, heart, or brain. Your chances for these side effects go up if you have heart disease, lung disease, or diabetes. Some children develop multisystem inflammatory syndrome. This is a serious condition, but it isn’t very common.

If you’ve had the flu, you may develop a sinus infection or an ear infection. You may also get pneumonia, which can be serious. Severe side effects are more common in people who are younger than 5 years old or older than 65 years old, pregnant, or who have asthma, diabetes, or heart disease.

Resources

CDC: COVID-19

CDC: Preventing Seasonal Flu

Familydoctor.org: Preventing the Flu

In this digital world, people mostly spend a significant amount of time using smartphones, laptops, computers, or TVs in their daily lives. One concern about these digital devices is the effect of the blue light they emit, impacting eye health, sleep quality, and mental health. Blue light glasses have emerged as the popular solution to prevent the negative consequences of blue light on the eyes and overall health. So, how do blue light glasses benefits the eyes?

Well, though there aren’t sufficient scientific studies to prove their effectiveness, still they can provide some advantages. By blocking and preventing the blue light from reaching the eyes, these glasses reduce digital eye strain, sleep disturbance, headaches, and eye fatigue. There are many more benefits of blue light glasses that we’ll discuss in our article in detail. 

8 Amazing Blue Light Glasses Benefits

Wondering, “What do blue light glasses do?” Well, there are several benefits of blue light such as protecting your eyes, improving sleep quality, and more. Let’s discuss them in detail.

1. Prevent Sleep Disturbance

Do you often use computers or laptops at night? Exposure to blue light, particularly in the evening, can interrupt the natural sleep-wake cycle of the body. According to the Sleep Foundation, blue light can reduce the production of melatonin, a type of hormone responsible for falling asleep. Using blue light glasses can help prevent this effect, allowing better sleep quality.

Did you know?

Experts found that wearing blue light glass before going to sleep can avoid disturbance to sleep. In addition, it can enhance both the quality and duration of sleep. This makes it a valuable tool for people using the screens, especially at night.

2. Reduce Digital Eye Strain

People who spend a lot of time using electronic devices more often experience digital eye strain. The negative consequences of eye strain are headaches, dry eyes, eye fatigue, blurry vision, and neck & shoulder pain. Here, blue light-blocking glasses can filter out some parts of the blue light that is emitted by digital devices. This can lower the pressure on the eyes, relieving discomfort.

Did you know?

Experts found that wearing these glasses for 2 hours while using a computer reduces strain, pain, and itching in the eyes compared to those people who didn’t use such glasses. However, larger research is needed to confirm all these reports.   

3. Protect Eye Health

Wearing blue light-blocking glasses when using electronic devices for an extended duration can prevent this light from reaching the eyes. This helps protect eye health for the long term. Though blue light glasses can’t entirely block all the blue light, they can still reduce some amount. Over time, this, in turn, can protect the retina from any damage, thus, preserving eye health. 

Did you know?

Some evidence claims that exposure to blue light for a longer period can damage the retina, causing age-related macular degeneration.

4. Manage Mood Disorders

As blue light glasses protect the natural sleep-wake cycle of the body, they regulate mood disorders. Moreover, sleep disturbance is also one of the potential symptoms of mood disorders. Here, these potent glasses might relieve this symptom. But, there is mixed evidence. Researchers find that out of 29 studies, only 2 studies report that the use of blue light glasses prevents manic symptoms in people living with bipolar disorder. Additionally, they noticed that the results were mixed. Hence, it requires a larger amount of research. 

Did you know?

According to one study, blue light glasses can help regulate mood disorders like bipolar disorder. 

5. Prevent Headaches & Migraines

Many individuals struggling with migraines and headaches report the long-term screen time triggers or worsening of the symptoms of headaches. The blue light and extreme brightness from digital devices can be the contributing factors. Blue light glasses can come as a rescue by filtering out the blue light. This can prevent the risk of headaches. Moreover, some people also find a huge relief by wearing these potent glasses when spending a lot of time in front of the screen.

Did you know?

The blue light glasses are designed with a specific coating that can block the blue light and prevent it from reaching the eyes.

6. Support Visual Comfort & Performance

For most people, blue light glasses can help enhance their visual comfort, especially when they are working with digital devices. These glasses have lenses, containing a little amber or yellow tint which can reduce strong light and increase contrast. This can ease the reading on screens, particularly when sitting in low-light environments. As they aid in improving visual clarity, they promise increased productivity & fewer distractions. 

Did you know?

Wearing blue light glasses can prevent glare and improve contrast, thus, easing the reading on digital devices when in low-light settings.

7. Reduce Fatigue & Improve Focus

When eyes are continuously exposed to blue light, they can experience fatigue and decreased focus. By filtering some portion of the blue light, the blue light-blocking glasses might prevent mental fatigue. This, consequently, enhances focus, allowing people to work for extended hours without feeling mentally tired. Moreover, one research suggests that these glasses might also improve cognitive performance. This benefit helps during tasks that need more concentration & attention. 

Did you know?

By blocking some blue light, these glasses can reduce eye fatigue and enhance cognitive performance.

8. Decrease Dry Eye Symptoms

Staring at digital screens for long hours can lower the amount of blinking. The blinking is responsible for producing tears that keep the eyes moist and fresh. With reduced blinking, there is a lack of production of tear film, leading to dry eye symptoms like burning sensation, redness, or watery eyes. Blue light glasses can prevent glare & light sensitivity, reducing strain and improving the blink rate.

Did you know?

According to One Journal, people with dry eyes who use glasses with 50% blue light lenses show improvement in their visual acuity. Well, visual acuity is generally a sharpness or clarity of the vision. 

Are Blue Light Glasses Effective?

Yes, some evidence supports the effectiveness of blue light glasses on sleep quality & eye comfort. However, more studies are required to completely understand their long-term effects on eye health.

• For some people, blue light-blocking glasses have shown amazing results, while for others they were ineffective.

• However, the American Academy of Ophthalmology does not advise the use of blue light glasses, as no scientific proof is available that shows the damage to the eyes due to blue light.

• Moreover, some studies show that individuals wearing blue light glasses & clear glasses experienced similar eye strain levels.

So, using the appropriate prescription glasses might be more essential than using blue light lenses. 

Tips to Maximize the Benefits of Blue Light Glasses

You can consider the following tips to make the best out of blue light glasses:

• Wear the glasses consistently: This reduces eye fatigue and strain if you use the screen for frequent and longer sessions.

• Follow the 20-20-20 rule: Take a regular break from screens by following the 20-20-20 rule which is for every 20 minutes, and look at 20 feet distant things for around 20 seconds. This relaxes eyes and eases refocus. 

• Adjust screen brightness: Reduce the screen brightness, matching the lightning according to the sitting environment. Excessive brightness can strain the eyes even when wearing the glasses.

• Use anti-glare filters: Along with blue light glasses use anti-glare filters if glare or reflection on the screen is disturbing you. This provides extra comfort.

• Adjust room lighting: Adjust the lighting of the room as blue light glasses work effectively, especially in dimly lit environments. In dimly lit areas, the contrast between the surroundings & screen and the screen glare can cause excessive eye strain.

• Limit your evening screen time: Limit your time by avoiding screen time 1-2 hours before bedtime. This can reduce the risk of blue light interrupting your sleep cycle.

• Choose high-quality lenses: Choose quality blue light lenses as they can effectively filter out the blue light compared to cheaper ones.

Summing Up

We hope our article has helped you understand some potential blue light glasses benefits. Though some benefits are not scientifically proven, they can still help improve sleep, prevent eye strain, and support visual comfort. Always make sure to buy quality blue light glasses to enjoy the full advantages. However, if you experience continuous headaches, discomfort, and some other vision issues, consult eye specialists. They may recommend prescription glasses or other solutions by monitoring your eye condition. 

Did you know the size of your platelets can reveal a lot about your health? A blood test called MPV, or Mean Platelet Volume, measures this. It might sound technical, but understanding ​what is MPV in blood test is simple and can help you uncover vital information about your heart, immune system, and overall health. 

According to a recent study, abnormal MPV levels might be linked to certain health risks, like heart disease or other blood conditions. 

So, what does it mean if your MPV level is high or low? And why should you pay attention to this test? Let’s dive into everything you need about MPV in a blood test and what it could mean for your health.

​What Is MPV In Blood Test?

Platelets are like tiny repair workers in your blood. They rush to fix injuries and stop bleeding.

The MPV test measures how big these repair workers are. Big platelets are like new workers, full of energy. Smaller ones are experienced but may be slowing down.

This test helps doctors see how well your body’s repair team is working.

Doctors include MPV as part of a complete blood count, or CBC, during routine check-ups. The MPV blood test looks at the average size of platelets. Bigger platelets might mean a certain condition, and smaller ones could mean something else. This test gives doctors clues about your blood health.

Why Is MPV Important?

MPV is important because it tells a lot about your overall health. Platelet size can show if there’s something unusual happening in your body. When MPV levels are not in the normal range, it could mean an issue that needs attention. Here are the key reasons why MPV matters:

• Shows Platelet Production: High MPV levels might mean your body is making more platelets due to blood loss or inflammation.

• Bone Marrow Health: MPV gives clues about bone marrow health since bone marrow makes platelets.

• Clotting Ability: MPV tells how well your blood can clot.

• Heart Disease Risk: High MPV levels have links to a higher risk of heart disease.

• Immune System Health: MPV can show how your immune system is doing, especially if there’s inflammation.

• Stroke Risk: High MPV levels might mean a higher stroke risk, especially with other factors.

• Sign of Infections: Infections often cause high MPV levels, showing the body’s response.

• Autoimmune Condition: People with autoimmune conditions might have abnormal MPV levels.

How To Prepare For the MPV Blood Test?

You don’t need much special preparation for an MPV blood test, but a few things can affect your results. Here’s what you can do before the test to ensure accurate results:

• Fasting: Most MPV tests don’t need fasting, but your doctor might ask you to fast if it’s part of a full CBC.

• Share Medications: Some medications can affect platelets, so tell your doctor about any you’re taking.

• Stay Hydrated: Drink water before the test to help with blood draw.

• Avoid Intense Exercise: Exercise can affect MPV, so avoid working out before your test.

• Avoid Alcohol: Alcohol can change platelet size, so avoid it for 24 hours before the test.

• No Smoking: Smoking can affect blood test results, so avoid it before testing.

• Tell if Sick: Let your doctor know if you’re unwell, as it could impact MPV.

• Stay Calm: Stress can change results, so try to stay relaxed before the test.

MPV Ranges and What It Means

The normal range for MPV can vary slightly depending on the lab. Most people’s MPV falls between 7.5 and 10.5 femtoliters (fl). Here’s a simple breakdown:

MPV outside this range doesn’t always mean something serious, but it could prompt more tests. Doctors look at MPV along with other blood markers to decide.

High MPV Levels: Causes and Implications

When MPV levels are high, it means your platelets are bigger than average. This could mean your body is making more platelets to replace lost ones. Here are common causes of high MPV:

• Inflammation: Conditions like arthritis can cause high MPV.

• Infections: Bacterial or viral infections might increase MPV.

• Heart Disease: High MPV is sometimes linked to heart disease.

• Blood Disorders: Certain blood disorders cause high MPV levels.

• Stress: Physical or mental stress can change platelet size.

• Bone Marrow Conditions: Some bone marrow problems result in high MPV.

High MPV doesn’t always mean a severe problem, but it’s worth looking into.

Low MPV Levels: Causes and Implications

Low MPV levels mean your platelets are smaller than average, which could signal other conditions. Here’s a list of common reasons for low MPV:

• Bone Marrow Suppression: Some conditions suppress bone marrow and lower MPV.

• Radiation Treatment: Radiation exposure can reduce MPV.

• Anemia: Certain types of anemia reduce platelet size.

• Medications: Some medications, like chemotherapy, affect platelet size.

• Vitamin Deficiency: Low MPV could mean a lack of vitamins like B12 or folate.

• Liver Problems: Liver disease may lower MPV due to platelet destruction.

• Autoimmune Disorders: These conditions can impact MPV.

• Poor Nutrition: Lack of nutrients can lower platelet production.

Stay Informed, Stay Healthy

Your MPV level is more than just a number—it’s a window into your body’s health. It helps doctors understand how well your platelets are working, whether there’s inflammation, and even how your heart is doing. An MPV outside the normal range doesn’t always mean something is wrong, but it can give important clues about your overall health. 

By understanding ​what is MPV in blood test, you take a small but meaningful step toward staying informed about your body and protecting your future health. 

Curious about your MPV levels? Ask your doctor for a complete blood count (CBC) during your next check-up.

Share this guide with friends and family to spread awareness about what blood tests can reveal about overall health.

Frequently Asked Questions

Editor’s note: If you or a loved one is having suicidal thoughts, call or text the 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline.

Teen suicide is when a teenager ends their own life. It can be impulsive or planned. However, not all suicide attempts lead to death. In fact, it doesn’t always mean your child wants to die. It could be their way of calling for help.

Anyone can struggle with thoughts of suicide. The teenage years are especially hard and stressful. Lots of things can affect your teen’s mood and behavior. Their body is changing. They are dealing with hormones. Your teen can feel pressure from friends, family, and teachers. They may be dealing with negative events.

Path to improved health

Don’t blame yourself or your teen if they have suicidal thoughts or attempts suicide. Instead, visit your child’s doctor to learn what may be contributing to your child feeling this way. Once that’s known, treatment options are available.

People who have suicidal thoughts suffer a range of symptoms. Sadness, despair, neglect, and anger are among them. Some people who struggle with suicide may not display any signs. Leading warning signs for suicide may include:

• Talking about death and/or suicide in a casual way
• Saying they wish they hadn’t been born
• Asking about death or how to commit violent acts
• Talking about leaving or going away
• Saying they won’t need things soon
• Not wanting to be around people anymore
• Seeming sad and remote instead of happy and social
• Becoming more angry or edgy
• Losing interest in hobbies or events
• Having trouble focusing
• Showing changes in normal routine, such as sleeping, eating, or grooming
• Acting out in harmful ways, such as drinking, using drugs, or hurting themselves
• Getting in trouble with the law

Depression is a main cause of suicide. It’s a complex illness that can cloud judgment. But it’s important to remember that depression is no one’s fault. It’s a medical condition affected by chemicals in the brain, which can influence moods and thought processes. It changes their thoughts, feelings, and choices. When your teen thinks they will never be happy again, death is not the answer. It may take time, but professional treatment will help.

Many factors can cause depression. Usually, it’s a mix of things.

• Certain events are hard to deal with, such as death, breakups, moving, and bullying. It’s natural to feel overcome or helpless.
• Issues like illnesses, trouble in school, and self-esteem also have an effect.
• Another big factor is genetics. Teens are at greater risk of depression or other mental disorders if family members have them, too. Dealing with your own depression or mental disorder could make it harder to detect warning signs in your teen. Also, children tend to model the behavior of adults they know.
• Your teen could have ongoing, or chronic, depression. They also might have episodes, or a mix of both types.

Depression can exist with other issues. Some teens turn to substance abuse to try and cure or escape real world problems. Alcohol and most drugs also are depressants. They alter your thoughts and choices.

Other mental health conditions may be associated with suicidal thoughts. These include anxiety, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), and bipolar disorder. These problems require care to prevent these thoughts.

Some teens will try to hide depression or thoughts of suicide. They might withdraw or act out. This can make it hard to notice warning signs. It’s important to keep an open and ongoing dialogue with your teen. Ask, listen, and tell. When asked, a lot of children will open up. Talk to them to know their issues and concerns. Maybe they are scared to talk about it, or don’t have someone to listen. Tell them you care and that there are options for help. Invite them to talk to another person, such as another relative, a clergyman, a therapist, or someone else if they don’t feel comfortable talking to you.

Depression is treatable. According to the U.S. Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF), children between the ages of 12 and 18 should be tested for depression. Ask your child’s doctor to test your teen as part of their annual physical exam. This is even more important if you believe your teen is at risk of suicide.

Two common tests your doctor may use are the Patient Health Questionnaire for Adolescents (PHQ-A) and the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). These tests measure type, start, length, and range of symptoms. They aren’t meant to be the only way to diagnose depression. Your doctor should also consider your teen’s behavior and history.

Medical care is critical to treat thoughts of suicide and suicide attempts. It can also help address the causes, such as depression. Treatment will vary based on elements, such as:

• Age
• Family history
• Mental health state and history
• Type of disorder
• Presence of other disorders or conditions
• Current medicine list

It’s common for doctors to create an integrated care plan. This includes a mix of medicine, therapy, and education. Your doctor will closely manage the type, dosage, and effects for best results. Recovery time for suicide attempts and depression varies. Some forms of depression can return. Your teen might always have it and need treatment on an ongoing basis.

Education is an important part of treatment. The more your teen learns, the better the likelihood that your teen will respect and follow their doctor’s orders. Kids don’t realize how common depression is. It can comfort your child to know they aren’t to blame and can get better. It also helps reduce guilt. It’s also important for your teen to learn healthy strategies for coping with stress. A therapist or psychologist can be a valuable resource in teaching these strategies.

Include everyone in your teen’s treatment plan. Set up support plans with teachers and coaches. Inform family members and friends’ parents as well. Your teen needs support from all areas of their lives. On top of everything, make sure your teen is okay with the treatment plan. They need to agree and feel safe to succeed.

Things to consider

It’s crucial to get help for your child to manage their depression and prevent suicide. If you think your child is depressed or at risk of suicide, talk to your doctor. You also can call the 988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline. This is a free counseling service that is open 24 hours a day, 7 days a week. It’s a trusted way to get advice and support. If you’re worried about another teenager, tell their parents right away. Doing this can save lives.

The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggests ways you can protect your teen from suicidal thoughts and depression:

• Make sure they get routine medical care. This includes testing for mental disorders, like depression.
• Let your child know they can come to you with any problem, even one that could get them into trouble.
• Instruct your teen how to get help or support for problems.
• Include doctors, family, friends, teachers, and coaches in your teen’s well-being. Surround them with positive role models.
• Help your teen with confidence. Teach them skills for handling conflict, violence, and peer pressure.

If you think your teen is high risk for suicide, contact your doctor to get help. You also should see your child’s doctor if you think your teen may have depression. If your teen attempts suicide, contact 911 right away.

Sadly, teen suicide can result in death. Your teen may have a friend or classmate who commits suicide. Be prepared for your teen to have emotions of anger, grief, confusion, and sadness. Talk to your teen about their feelings. If needed, provide a counselor, doctor, or friend they can confide in.

Questions to ask your doctor

• How do I know if my child is at risk of suicide?
• How can I look for signs of suicide, such as self-inflicted wounds?
• What are the differences between normal teen behavior and teen depression?
• What should I do if my teen is depressed?
• Did I do something to cause my child’s depression?
• Are antidepressants addictive?
• Can antidepressants cause suicide?
• Once my teenager is treated for suicide or depression, will it come back?
• What should I do if my teen won’t follow treatment and gets worse?

Resources

988 Suicide and Crisis Lifeline

American Foundation for Suicide Prevention: Get help

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Suicide Prevention

Start Your Recovery: Drug & Alcohol Support Resources

Copyright © American Academy of Family Physicians

This information provides a general overview and may not apply to everyone. Talk to your family doctor to find out if this information applies to you and to get more information on this subject.

Home, sweet home. There’s no place like it. You may feel your most comfortable when you’re at home, but be aware there are dangers in your home, too. You may get a cut from a kitchen knife or other household tool. Perhaps you’ll burn your hand when taking something out of the oven or handling a hot pan on the stove. Most of the time, these common household injuries are minor. That means you can treat them at home without seeing your doctor. The items you need for these treatments can be found in a home first aid kit.

Path to Improved Health

Cuts and scratches

Cuts and scratches are common household wounds that may happen at any time—and for many reasons. But there’s no need to panic if you hurt yourself this way.

Wash your hands first. Before you even touch the wound, wash your hands thoroughly with soap and water. This will remove any dirt from your hands. You want clean hands so you don’t accidentally add dirt to the wound that may infect it later.

Stop the bleeding. If the wound is bleeding, you’ll need to stop the bleeding. Gently press material—such as a clean cloth or gauze—on the wound. Don’t press too hard as this can make the wound hurt more than it already does. Then, while keeping the wound covered, lift it above the level of your heart, if possible. This can help stop the bleeding. Maintain pressure for several minutes. Also, don’t lift the material often to see if the bleeding has stopped. Doing so may keep the wound bleeding for a longer time.

Clean the cut. Once the bleeding has stopped, you need to wash the wound. This may be painful but it’s a necessary step. Do this by holding the cut under running water. The water will help wash any dirt or debris out of the wound. After washing it, look at the wound. If you see debris still in it, try to gently remove the debris with tweezers that have been dipped in rubbing alcohol. (Note: You shouldn’t use hydrogen peroxide to clean the wound.) Once the wound is clean, gently wash the surrounding skin with soap and water. Lightly press the area with a clean cloth, such as a towel, to dry the entire area.

Apply protection. Apply a thin layer of antibiotic ointment (one brand name: Neosporin) or petroleum jelly (one brand name: Vaseline) to the wound. This will help keep the wound clean, keep infection at bay, and perhaps lessen scarring. Then cover the wound for protection. Use a bandage or gauze with an elastic bandage. This cover is sometimes called a dressing. Every day, you need to reapply the ointment or petroleum jelly and change the dressing.

Watch for infection. When you change the dressing, look for signs of infection in the wound. Symptoms include swelling, redness, and more pain than when the wound happened. As time goes by, your wound will develop a scab. That’s the natural way it protects itself. Once a scab develops, you don’t need to cover it with any type of dressing. And avoid the temptation to pick at the scab.

Household burns

Even if you’re being careful, you may burn yourself on something at home. You may bump your hand against the oven rack when removing dinner. Or maybe hot grease will splatter on you while cooking. While painful, these types of burns can often be treated quickly and easily with these steps.

Cool it down. Naturally, a burn will be hot. You need to cool it down. Right after getting burned, hold the burn under cool, running water. You also can soak the burn in a bowl of cool, but not iced, water. Depending on the size of the burn and how much it hurts, you may need to keep it under water for between 5 and 30 minutes. Keeping the burn under cool water will also help reduce the swelling that may occur. If the burn is on your finger, remove any rings as soon as possible before swelling starts.

Treat the burn. After soaking your burn, gently pat the area with a clean, soft cloth to dry it. Don’t press hard as the burn will likely be painful. Then apply a thin layer of antibiotic ointment (one brand name: Neosporin) or petroleum jelly (one brand name: Vaseline) to the burn. These will help keep the burn from becoming infected. You also can apply aloe vera gel to help keep the burn cool.

Protect it. Once the burn is treated, use a sterile bandage or gauze to cover it. Covering it will help the treatment stay in place as well as keep the burn protected from infection. Make sure the bandage is tight enough to stay in place but not so tight that it presses on the burn. Change the bandage every day.

Treat the pain. Burns are often painful. You can help relieve some of that pain by taking over-the-counter medicines. Ibuprofen (one name brand: Advil), acetaminophen (one brand name: Tylenol), or naproxen (one brand name: Aleve) may help. These medicines can also reduce the swelling a burn will cause. Note: Don’t give these medicines to children under 12 years old without asking your doctor’s advice.

Leave the blisters alone. As burns heal, sometimes they develop blisters with fluid inside them. You may be tempted to open the blister to let the fluid out. But don’t do that. The blisters actually protect the burn from infection. If a blister breaks on its own, clean it by holding it under cool, running water. Once dry, put an antibiotic ointment on it and cover it with a bandage to keep it safe and help avoid infection.

Things to Consider

In some instances you’ll need to see your doctor to treat a wound. Examples include if the wound won’t stop bleeding, if you can see muscle and fat through the wound, if you can’t get all the dirt and debris out of it, or if it was caused by an animal bite. In all these cases, you need to call your doctor right away.

Some household burns need the attention of your doctor, too. These types of burns usually cover more than 3 inches of skin and are more severe than minor burns. Some examples of these burns include those from boiling water, putting your hand on a hot stovetop, or from a large flare-up from your outdoor grill.

Some wounds and burns may require a tetanus booster shot. If your wound is large, deep, or was caused by something rusty, check your vaccination record to see when you last had a tetanus shot. Also check your vaccination record if you have a burn that develops a blister. If it’s been more than 5 years since your last tetanus shot, contact your doctor to get a booster shot.

Path to improved health

What are the most common flu myths?

Myth #1: The flu is the same thing as a cold and it is harmless. 

It is common to confuse the flu with a cold. Both have similar symptoms and are often treated in similar ways. However, colds are mild and last longer. The flu usually develops suddenly and lasts 2 to 3 days. The flu also is contagious and can be dangerous.

Symptoms of the flu include:

• Fever of 102°F or higher.
• Chills and sweats.
• Nausea and vomiting.
• Muscle aches and headaches.
• Chest pain.
• Cough.
• Stuffy nose.
• Loss of appetite.

Myth #2: You can’t die from the flu. 

People who have severe cases of the flu or are high risk can die from the flu. High-risk people include:

• Babies or children up to 4 years old.
• Anyone 65 years of age or older.
• Women who are pregnant, trying to get pregnant, or breastfeeding.
• People who have a low or weakened immune system.
• Anyone who has a chronic health condition.
• Anyone who lives in a long-term care center, such as a nursing home.

These people are at greater risk of having health problems that lead to death. It is even more important that they receive an annual flu vaccine. It prevents severe cases or problems related to flu. It also lowers their chance of hospitalization.

If you aren’t high risk, you still should get a flu vaccine. It protects everyone around you. This is especially true if you work in health care or care for high-risk people.

Myth #3: You won’t get the flu if you get the flu vaccine.

The flu vaccine helps to prevent the flu. Every year, its purpose is to protect you from the main types of influenza. However, you still can get the flu. You could have been infected with the flu before you got the vaccine. You also could get another type of flu that the vaccine does not cover. Most likely, you will have a milder case than if you hadn’t gotten the flu shot.

There are other things you can do to lower your risk of getting the flu. These include:

• Washing your hands often.
• Covering your mouth when you sneeze and cough.
• Using household cleaning spray to disinfect surfaces and objects.
• Using hand sanitizer.
• Washing laundry of sick people separate from other items.
• Keeping your children, especially newborns, away from anyone who is sick.

Myth #4: You won’t get the flu if you take vitamin C. 

Vitamins cannot prevent the flu. However, some vitamins can help build your immune system, which helps your body fight off illnesses.

Myth #5: The flu vaccine will give you the flu. 

You cannot get the flu from a flu shot. This form of vaccine is made up of dead viruses that can’t infect you. The nasal spray flu vaccine is made up of live but weakened viruses. They won’t give you the flu, either.

Even though you can’t get the flu from the vaccine, you can have side effects. The area of the shot could be red, sore, or swollen. You also may have muscle aches, headaches, or a low fever for a short period of time. These effects occur when your body responds to fight the new virus. You also can have flu-like symptoms from other health issues, such as a bad cold.

Myth #6: You shouldn’t get the flu vaccine if you’re pregnant or breastfeeding. 

It is important to get the flu shot if you are pregnant, trying to get pregnant, or breastfeeding. People who are pregnant are more likely to need to be hospitalized if they have the flu, so it’s extra important to get the vaccine. The flu shot is safe for you and your baby.

If you don’t get the flu shot and develop the flu, you could give it to your baby. Your doctor might prescribe antiviral medicine to reduce symptoms. They also might suggest another form of feeding until you are better.

Myth #7: You shouldn’t get the flu vaccine if you have an egg allergy. 

Everyone 6 months and older with egg allergy should receive an annual flu vaccine. Any flu vaccine (egg based or non-egg based) that is otherwise appropriate for the recipient’s age and health status can be used.

Myth #8: You don’t need to get the flu vaccine if you’re healthy. 

It’s good to live a healthy lifestyle, but it can’t prevent the flu. It is an infection that spreads easily. Everyone over 6 months of age should get the flu vaccine, except for rare cases.

Myth #9: You shouldn’t get the flu shot if you’re sick or already have had the flu. 

It is okay to get the flu vaccine when you have a mild sickness. However, your doctor may suggest waiting until you’re better. It also is okay to get the flu shot if you have cancer.

You still should get the flu shot if you’ve already had the flu. The flu vaccine protects you against several types of the virus.

Myth #10: You don’t need to get the flu vaccine every year. 

The flu is caused by the influenza virus, which can change from year to year. Because of this, the flu vaccine is updated to protect against the main types of flu. You should get the flu vaccine every year at the beginning of the flu season. Flu season occurs in the colder months of year, usually sometime from October to May.

Myth #11: Everyone should get the flu vaccine the same way.  

Because young children and older adults can have more trouble fighting off the flu, there are different vaccines for different ages. Children getting their first flu vaccine may need two doses, four weeks apart. Special versions of the flu vaccine are made for adults aged 65 and over. They can also use the same vaccine as other adults. If you have questions about which vaccine to use, ask your doctor.

Myth #12: There’s one best time to get the flu vaccine, and if I don’t get it then, it’s not worth doing. 

Ideally, people should be vaccinated before the flu starts spreading. The problem is that we don’t know ahead of time when that will be. In many places, flu vaccine is available starting in July or August and for healthy populations under 65, this is an option. Some children getting vaccinated for the first time need two doses four weeks apart, so for them starting in July or August might be a good idea. People who are pregnant should receive the flu vaccine in the last three months of pregnancy to protect them and their children. Because protection against the flu doesn’t last as long in older people, people aged 65 or older, should receive vaccination in September or October.

It’s a good idea for everyone to try to get the flu vaccine by the end of October. But if you haven’t gotten the vaccine by then, go ahead and get it later.  Remember, flu season is often worst in February and can last all the way through May.

Myth #13: The flu vaccine will make me more susceptible to COVID-19. 

There is no evidence that getting a flu vaccine increases your risk of getting sick from a coronavirus.

Myth #14:  I heard that I should receive different vaccines at separate times.

Receiving more than one vaccine at the same visit causes no harm and could be very convenient. Talk with your doctor about what vaccines are best for you.

Electricity is something we take for granted. When you depend on electricity to power medical equipment and medicine at home, then it comes as a shock when storms (tornados, hurricanes, ice storms, etc.) or extreme weather overloads power grids leading to a power outage. For these times, its essential to think ahead and not wait until you are facing a crisis.

Path to improved well being

According to the U.S. Energy Information Administration (EIA), any U.S. resident could experience a power outage. However, customers in Alabama, Iowa, Connecticut, Oklahoma, and Louisiana experienced the most time with interrupted power in 2020. Severe weather was a factor in all these states.

If you or another person in your home relies on medical equipment, plan ahead for a power outage.

• Make a list of everyone in your household who relies on electricity for medical needs. This could include breathing machines (CPAP, respirators, ventilators), power wheelchairs and scooters, oxygen, suction, or home dialysis equipment, and even a refrigerator to store medicine, such as insulin. Post this list in an area in your home that everyone (including babysitters or overnight guests) can read.
• Plan for how you will power/manage each item in the event of a power outage. You plan may include backup batteries, a generator, and even asking local authorities (such as a hospital, fire station, and energy provider) for assistance. It’s best to reach out to these sources in advance of a power outage to ask how and if they can help. Also, determine which items could become an emergency depending upon the amount of time the power is out. For example, if you must refrigerate medicine, you can go longer without power if you don’t constantly open and close the refrigerator door.
• Identify emergency lighting, safe heating alternatives, and backup power sources for your mobile devices, appliances, and medical equipment.
• Create an emergency power plan that includes model and serial numbers for your medical devices.
• Have all equipment instruction manuals located in one easy place to find in the event of a power outage. Read the user manual or contact the manufacturer to find out if your medical device is compatible with batteries or a generator.
• Fully charge your cellphone, battery-powered medical devices, and backup power sources if you know a disaster, such as a hurricane, is coming.
• If possible, buy manual alternatives for your electric devices that are portable, dependable, and durable. For example, a manual wheelchair, walker, or cane as a backup for an electric scooter.

Things to consider

Power outages can impact everyone differently, based on where you live and your community’s age and utility infrastructure. For example, people who live in rural areas and places with an aging infrastructure may experience more frequent and longer-lasting power outages. They may also have limited access to the supplies they need to prepare for power outages. Power outages can also put people at increased risk for post-disaster hazards, such as food and carbon monoxide poisoning. 

Backup power sources

There are two types of backup power solutions and each has its own advantages and disadvantages. Things to remember for each, include:

Battery

• If you use hearing aids, keep a supply of hearing aid batteries on hand.
• Create a plan for how to recharge batteries when the electricity is out.
• Check with your vendor/supplier to find alternative ways to charge batteries. Examples include connecting jumper cables to a vehicle battery or using a converter that plugs into a vehicle’s cigarette lighter or accessory outlet. If you substitute a vehicle battery for a wheelchair battery, the charge will not last as long as a charge for a wheelchair’s deep-cycle battery. If you use a motorized wheelchair or scooter, try to store a lightweight manual wheelchair for emergency use.
• Stored extra batteries require periodic charging even when they are unused. If your survival strategy depends on storing batteries, closely follow a recharging schedule.
• Know the working time of any batteries that support your systems.
• When you have a choice, choose equipment that uses batteries that are easily purchased from nearby stores.

Generator:

• Make sure use of a generator is appropriate and realistic. A 2,000 to 2,500-watt gas-powered portable generator can power a refrigerator and several lamps. (A refrigerator needs to run only 15 minutes an hour to stay cool if you keep the door closed. So, you could unplug it to operate other devices.).
• Operate generators in open areas to ensure good air circulation. The challenge when you live in an apartment is knowing how to safely store enough gasoline. Have a gas siphon kit on hand.
• Test your generator from time to time to make sure it will work when needed. Some generators can connect to the existing home wiring systems.
• Always contact your utility company regarding critical restrictions and safety issues.

The Food and Drug Administration’s “How to Prepare for and Handle Power Outages” guide for home medical device users is another useful planning resource. Use it to organize your medical device information, identify the supplies for the operation of your device, and know where to go or what to do during a power outage.

Life support needs

Contact your power and water companies about your needs for life-support devices (home dialysis, suction, breathing machines, etc.) in advance of a disaster. Many utility companies keep a “priority reconnection service” list and map of the locations of power-dependent customers for use in an emergency. Ask the customer service department of your utility companies if this service is available. Note that even if you are on the “priority reconnection service” list, your power could still be out for many days following a disaster. It is vital that you have power backup and other options for your equipment. For example:

• Ventilator users should keep a resuscitation bag handy. The bag delivers air through a mask when squeezed.
• If you receive dialysis or other medical treatments, ask your health care provider for the plans in an emergency and where you should go for treatment if your usual clinic is not available after an emergency.
• If you use oxygen at home, check with your doctor to see if you can use a reduced flow rate in an emergency to extend the life of the system. Label your equipment with the reduced flow numbers so that you can easily refer to them. Avoid areas where there are gas leaks or open flames and post “Oxygen in Use” signs in your home. You should also use battery powered flashlights or lanterns rather than gas lights or candles when oxygen is in use (to reduce fire risk) and keep the shut-off switch for oxygen equipment near you so you can get to it quickly in case of an emergency.

Questions to ask your doctor

• Will a power outage immediately affect my condition or put me in danger?
• How long will mine or family member’s home medical device last without electricity?
• Can the power company or fire station help in the event of a power outage?
• Will my medical equipment alert me if the power outage occurs in the middle of the night while sleeping?
• How should I prepare for a power outage when traveling with my medical device?

Resources

Americans with Disabilities Act National Network: Emergency Power Planning for People Who Use Electricity and Battery-Dependent Assistive Technology and Medical Devices

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: #PrepYourHealthForPowerOutages

CompleChild.org: Surviving a Power Outage with Complex Medical Issues

Read.gov: National Preparedness Month

Copyright © American Academy of Family Physicians

This information provides a general overview and may not apply to everyone. Talk to your family doctor to find out if this information applies to you and to get more information on this subject.

Prescription weight loss medicines can help people with obesity lose weight. They are usually prescribed by a doctor when diet and exercise alone are not working. Each of these medicines works differently. People who use these medicines may not feel as hungry. Or they may feel full after eating only a small amount of food. Another type of weight-loss medicine makes it harder for your body to absorb fat. Prescription weight loss drugs can be helpful when used in combination with a low-calorie diet and regular physical activity.

Who uses prescription weight loss medicines?

Prescription weight-loss medicines are only for people who have obesity. Most of these medicines are designed for people who weigh 20% or more above what is ideal for their height and body type. Or they are used with people who have a high body mass index (BMI). The BMI is a measure of your weight in relation to your height. Your doctor may prescribe you medicine to treat your obesity if you have:

• A BMI of 30 or greater.
• A BMI of 27 or more and you have a disease or condition that may be related to your weight (this could include diabetes or high blood pressure).

Your doctor can tell you if prescription weight-loss medicines might be helpful for you.

Path to improved health

Prescription weight-loss medicines generally work in 2 ways. Most work in your body to make you less hungry or feel full faster. One FDA-approved medicine works in your digestive tract. It blocks the amount of fat your body can absorb. Some medicines are approved only for a short period of time, usually no more than 12 weeks. Others can be used long-term.

The following are medicines currently approved by the FDA for weight loss. Also included is information on how they work, common side effects, and warnings for each.

Orlistat

• Brand name: Xenical
• How it works: It reduces the amount of fat your body absorbs.
• Side effects: diarrhea, gas, uncontrollable bowel movements, leakage of oily stool
• Warnings: It can reduce the amount of certain vitamins that your body can absorb You should take a multivitamin pill every day.

Orlistat is also available in a lower dose without a prescription. That over-the-counter medicine is called Alli. Orlistat is the only medicine of its kind to be approved in the U.S.

The following medicines make you feel less hungry or full faster. They share common side effects, including constipation, dizziness, dry mouth, diarrhea, and nausea. Additional side effects are listed for each medicine.

Naltrexone-bupropion

• Brand name: Contrave
• How it works: It makes you less hungry or fuller faster.
• Side effects: headache, increased blood pressure and heart rate, insomnia, liver damage, vomiting
• Warnings: Don’t use if you have untreated high blood pressure, seizures, or a history of anorexia or bulimia. Don’t use if you are dependent on opioid pain medicines or are withdrawing from drugs or alcohol. Don’t use if you are already taking bupropion (brand names Wellbutrin, Zyban). This medicine could increase suicidal thoughts or actions. 

Phentermine-topiramate

• Brand name: Qysmia
• How it works: It decreases appetite and makes you feel full sooner
• Side effects: taste changes (especially carbonated beverages), tingling of hands and feet, trouble sleeping
• Warnings: Tell your doctor if you have had a heart attack, stroke, abnormal heart rhythm, kidney disease, or mood disorder. Do not take if you have hyperthyroidism or glaucoma. This medicine could cause birth defects. Do not use if you are pregnant, planning to become pregnant, or breastfeeding. 

Liraglutide

• Brand name: Saxenda
• How it works: It makes you feel less hungry or full sooner
• Side effects: abdominal pain, headache, increased pulse
• Warnings: It is available only by injection. Could increase the chance of developing pancreatitis.

Semiglutide

• Brand name: Wegovy and Ozempic
• How it works: It regulates your appetite to make you feel less hungry
• Side effects: nausea, diarrhea, indigestion, headache
• Warnings: It is an injection. Using this medicine could increase risk for thyroid tumors.

There are other medicines that can reduce your desire to eat. These include:

• Phentermine
• Benzphetamine
• Diethylpropion
• Phendimetrazine

These medicines are only FDA-approved to be used short-term, up to 12 weeks. They may only provide temporary weight loss. They have some side effects, too. These include:

• Difficulty sleeping
• Feeling nervous or restless
• Headache
• Raised blood pressure or pulse

You should not use these medicines if you have uncontrolled high blood pressure, heart disease, hyperthyroidism, or glaucoma. You should tell your doctor if you have anxiety or mood disorders before using these medicines.

In rare cases, some weight-loss medicines can cause serious liver injury. Call your doctor right away if you notice symptoms of liver injury, including:

• Itching skin
• Yellow eyes or skin
• Urine that is brown or dark-colored
• Pale-colored stool
• Loss of appetite
• Abdominal pain

Some weight-loss supplements containing ephedra, ephedrine, or caffeine are available without a prescription (over the counter). It is not known whether these medicines are safe. Such supplements have been linked to reports of heart attack, seizure, stroke, and death. It is important to talk to your doctor if you are taking or are considering taking an over-the-counter weight-loss supplement.

Things to consider

How can I avoid gaining weight back when I stop using the medicine?

There is no easy cure for being overweight. Prescription weight-loss medicines can help you get off to a good start. But once you stop taking them, the weight you lost may come back. To keep the weight off, you must eat a healthy diet and be physically active on a regular basis. You must continue these healthy habits even after you stop taking the medicine. Remember that losing weight and keeping it off is a lifelong effort.

How can I lose weight without taking a weight-loss medicine?

If you decide weight-loss medicines aren’t right for you, you can still meet your weight-loss goals. It’s important to develop healthy eating habits. But don’t expect to change everything overnight. Start by training yourself to eat without doing anything else at the same time. For example, don’t eat while you watch TV. Focus on what you’re eating. Try to eat slowly.

Next, change what and how much you eat. Your doctor can help you create a low-calorie or low-carb diet plan that will help you lose weight. They can offer tips for healthy snacking and portion control.

It is also important to be physically active. Regardless of your weight loss goal, the minimum recommended exercise for improving health is 30 minutes 5 times a week (for a total of 150 minutes per week). Regular exercise helps you burn calories faster, even when you are sitting still. Exercise also helps you burn fat and build muscle.

Aerobic exercise raises your heart rate and helps you burn calories. Examples of aerobic exercises include swimming, brisk walking, jogging, and bicycling. Anaerobic exercise, such as weight training, is also good because it adds muscle mass to your body. Muscle burns calories faster than fat.

Be sure to check with your family doctor before you begin an exercise program. They can help you create an exercise plan that will help you meet your goals.

Questions to ask your doctor

• What is my BMI?
• Do I meet the qualifications for weight-loss medicines?
• Which medicine is the right one for me?
• What are the side effects?
• Are the benefits of taking the medicine worth the risks and side effects?
• Will my insurance cover it?
• How long will I take it?
• Will I gain weight when I stop taking it?
• What can I do to prevent gaining weight?

Resources

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention: Healthy Weight, Nutrition, and Physical Activity

National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases: Prescription Medications to Treat Overweight and Obesity

Copyright © American Academy of Family Physicians

This information provides a general overview and may not apply to everyone. Talk to your family doctor to find out if this information applies to you and to get more information on this subject.